It was indicated N split supply has an accumulated ecological effect on the rice rhizosphere microbes activities, so does water factor on the soil microbes of rice rhizosphere.

• 这说明在分次施氮的施肥模式下，施氮对水稻根际土壤微生物的生态效应保持一定的持续作用，而水分条件对土壤微生物的生态效应也需要一定的时间才能起作用。