It seems that Updike is not only interested in showing the changes of religion in modern society, but also intends to seek out possible solutions for the religious crisis.

• 虔诚的家庭背景使他在目睹传统宗教在现代社会的衰落时悲叹不已，然而，在哀伤的同时他又以一位开明乐观的宗教信仰者的心态来接受宗教形态的转变。