It is critical to u se oxygen-rich materials,especially those of nonenergetic materials to increase the oxygen balance of propellant so as to eliminate gun muzzle smog.

• 提高火药氧平衡水平以降低燃烧烟雾，需减少火药中不含氧或低含氧量的组分的用量，尽管这些材料的用量通常很小。