It and related conditions result from various defects in thyroid hormone synthesis (hypothyroidism). Advanced cases are treated with thyroid hormone or surgical removal of the thyroid if it obstructs Breathing.

• 甲状腺肿的原因和类型有多种。严重时可投以甲状腺激素,若肿大极为严重,导致呼吸困难,则可能必须手术切除。