In well operations, the axial drag and torque loss resulted from the contact between the drill string and the wellbore often play a great role in, or even crucial to, drilling and workover.

• 摘要在油气井作业中，由于钻柱和井壁接触所产生的轴向阻力和扭矩损失对钻井和修井作业中有很大的影响，甚至成为作业成败的关键。