In describing the part played by these historical personages, the historians criticise them severely, supposing them to be the cause of what they call the reaction.

• 史学家们在描述这些过去的历史人物的活动时，往往声色俱厉地谴责他们，因为史学家们认为那些历史人物就是他们所指的反动的祸根。