In a context of increasing international trade and investment, manycountries, especially the western countries, have gradually been relaxingtheir strict control of foreign exchange rate and capital flow since late1940s when Breton Woods System was set-up.

• 从20世纪中期布雷顿森林体系建立到21世纪初新的国际货币体系逐渐形成的这段期间,世界各国之间贸易和投资规模在不断地扩大。