However, the testing cost is increased rapidly due to lack of controllability and observability, and thus general test access mechanism and high-performance Automatic Test Equipments (ATEs) are needed to overcome the testing problems.

• 但是由于高度整合的结果，使得各个线路缺乏足够的可控制性与可观测性，也造成了需要额外的测试存取机制以及高速的自动测试机台来完成测试，因此造成了测试成本的增加。