From the compositions of phyllosilicate and iron oxides in soils and iron-manganese nodules, it was suggested that iron-manganese nodules of soils were in the isolated relatively close system.

• 根据供试土壤及其铁锰结核中层状硅酸盐矿物和氧化铁矿物组合的异同，认为土壤铁锰结核是作为一个相对独立的封闭体系存在于土壤体系之中。