FabregaN Herzog and Guttman proposed a kind of formal methods named STRAND SPACE MODEL,which uses a kind of order graph between its nodes existing casual relationship to represent protocol executions.

• 串空间(strand Space)模型是由Fabrega、Herzog和Guttman三人提出的一种形式化方法,它使用一种结点间存在因果关系的有向图来表示协议的运行。