Electronic pacemakers are used to treat a variety of disorders of the cardiac conduction system,with sinus node dysfunction being the primary indication that a pacemaker is required.

• 电子起搏器治疗窦房结功能障碍及其它心脏传导系统疾病已获得较好的效果,但也伴随一些负面效应:高费用、有限的电池寿命及缺乏对神经激素生理性反应等。