Durkheim to analyze the jury institution in U.K. and U.S.It is left to the jury to judge a criminal, which uncovers the essence of the crime as the invading upon the society.

• 陪审团实际上代表了社会的集体情感（集体意识）,由陪审团来决定罪与非罪的司法制度实际上揭示了犯罪的社会侵犯本质：犯罪是对作为维系某一社会或社区团结纽带的集体情感、集体意识的严重伤害和严重侵犯。