During the whole period of governance,the emperors of Qing dynasty had the inter-ambivalent dualistic psychologies-self-humiliation and self conceit.

• 摘要在整个清代的民族认同过程中，作为主政中原的少数民族君主，清帝身上不可避免地存在着一对相互矛盾的二元心态-自卑与自大。