Direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method in combination with the variable soft sphere (VSS) model was used to simulate vacuum plume backflow of N2O4/MMH.

• 为准确获得双组元姿控发动机的羽流及其反流特性,采用直接模拟蒙特卡罗(DSMC)方法结合可变软球(VSS)模型数值模拟以N2O4/MMH为推进剂的真空羽流。