Different pattern recognition proteins recognize and bind to molecules (pathogen associated molecular patterns, PAMPs) present on the surface of microorganisms but absent from animals.

• 研究证明 ；这种“非己”识别是因为存在某些特异性的、可溶的或与细胞膜结合的模式识别受体 ；可以识别或结合微生物表面保守的、而在宿主中又不存在的病原相关分子模式 .