Detail of young leaves and growing point; many leaves reduced to bare midrib or narrow green corrugated residue of lamina; youngest leaves and growing point brown and dead; large green stipular lamina around crown.

• 缺锰甘蓝的“鞭尾症：关键在于嫩叶和生长点，许多叶片露出中脉或缩小成绿色波状的薄层残留，心叶和生长点变褐并死亡，顶部周围有大量绿色长有托叶的叶片。