Deese (1959), Roediger and McDermott(1995) induced false recall and false recognition for words that were not presented in lists, which formed principal model about relatedness effect, which is abbreviated as DRM model.

• 从1959年Deese提出了关联效应的基本研究模型后，又经Roediger、McDermott(1995)的不断完善，形成了研究的一般范式，简称为DRM范式。