Conclusions Primary liposarcoma of the esophagus is a rare neoplasm.Pathology is the ultimate way for definite diagnosis.Operation is major treatment mean.

• 结论食管原发性脂肪肉瘤罕见，临床及影像学检查虽有提示诊断的作用，但往往误诊为平滑肌肉瘤，确诊需病理检查，治疗以手术为主。