Combining with the idea of rule of law, this essay demonstrates the framework of law supervision, its characteristic and rationality, and transplants the Pythagoras theorem and factorization theorem from mathematics field to the decentralization theory.

• 摘要本文结合法治理念来论证法律监督权的结构、特徵及其合理性，并将数学中的“毕达哥拉斯定理”或分解因式原理移植到分权理论中来。