Chekhov,his contemporary Russian short fiction writer and playwright,applied and made further advance of the theory in his drama creation,which initiated the modernism in drama,and cast profound influence on drama of the 20th century as well.

• 与梅特林克同时代的俄罗斯短篇小说家、剧作家契诃夫在戏剧创作中对这一理论进行了自觉的运用与发展,开了现代派戏剧的先河,并对20世纪戏剧产生了极其深远的影响。