By 1920 IJA tacticians realized the need to disperse infantry formations in order to reduce losses when attacking a defender who possessed the lethal firepower of modern weapons.

• 1920年，日本的战术家们认识到，在向使用现代武器，拥有致命火力的防守方进攻时，需要疏散步兵队形，以减少伤亡。