But,are these the only reasons that has created the contagion in Asia which massive new IMF programs at times did not seem to be able to stem the tide?

• 然而，难道这些就是引发亚洲金融风暴的全部原因吗?尽管国际货币基金推行多项大规模的新计划，有时候似乎亦未能扭转局面。