But, Provincial Governors continued to hold great power and reforming an ancient system was difficult, and there were divergent interests within the ruling classes.

• 但督抚势力坐大,革故鼎新难以兼顾统治集团内部的利益分歧,而避重就轻的结果,只能使改革徒具形式,背离变政的初衷,同样危及甚至瓦解清朝的统治。