But what is directly proved by the Welsh sources and by the Irish is that among the Celts in the eleventh century pairing marriage had not by any means been displaced by monogamy.

• 然而，威尔士以及爱尔兰的材料却直接证明，在11世纪时，克尔特人的对偶婚还根本没有被一夫一妻制所代替。