Analyses show that the improved protocol avoids the trusted third party being the bottleneck problem, and also realizes the confidentiality of transferring data, and the fairness and non-repudiation of the sender and the receiver.

• 经分析，改进协议避免了可信第三方的系统瓶颈问题，并实现了交换数据机密性、交易的公平性与收发双方的不可否认性。