Abstract: According to actual situations of water allocation in the Tarim River basin of Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, the paper firstly adopts game theory to reveal water conflict between up, middle and down reaches of a river.

• 文摘:结合新疆塔里木河流域的实际情况，首先从对策论的角度对水资源在上、中、下游地区分配使用的冲突进行了剖析，认为计划经济体制下行政命令式的水管理概念和模式越来越难以适应稀缺程度不断加剧的水资源分配和利用形势。